鐔辫€楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鏄厂椋熷崈鐕ユ(j墨)瑭﹂(y脿n)鐨勯噸瑕佹寚妯�(bi膩o)锛屼絾鏄敱浜庤│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩浠�銆佹牴椋熸浠跺拰骞茬嚗浠嬭唱(zh矛)姊濅欢鐨勫璁婃€�锛岃│椹�(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏋滃線寰€娌掓湁鍙瘮鎬�锛屽洜姝ゅ繀闋堝皣骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鐨勬€ц兘瑭﹂(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鎶樼畻鍒颁竴鍊�(g猫)鍏獚(r猫n)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢鎵嶈兘閫�(j矛n)琛屾瘮杓冨拰妯�(bi膩o)瀹�銆傛湰鏂囦互绯ч鍗冪嚗姗�(j墨)鐨勮│椹�(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐哄绀�(ch菙)锛屽弮鑰冨湅鍏�(n猫i)澶栨牴椋熷共鐕ユ(j墨)瑭﹂(y脿n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)锛屾槸绯ч骞茬嚗鍠綅鐔辫€楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)琛屼簡鐮旂┒鍜屾帰绱�;绺界祼(ji茅)浜嗗洓绋姌绠楁柟娉�锛屽垎鏋愪簡绯ч骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨拰璋风墿姊濅欢涓嬫姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楁柟娉曞拰姝ラ锛岄棥杩颁簡鍚勭ó鏂规硶鐨勫劒(y艒u)缂洪粸(di菐n)锛屾彁鍑轰簡鎶樼畻鏂规硶鐨勫垵姝ョ殑寤鸿锛岀偤骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)瑭﹂(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫彲姣旀€у拰瀹屽杽骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)瑭﹁噳妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎻愪緵浜嗕緷鎿�(j霉)銆�
鎴戝湅鏄笘鐣屼笂鏈€澶х殑绯ч鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍦嬶紝绯ч骞寸敘(ch菐n)绺介噺閬�(d谩)5鍎勫櫢銆傛瘡骞寸敱鍒婃枃鐛插绡€(ji茅)澶╂埃闄伴洦浠ュ強骞茬嚗瑷�(sh猫)鍌欎笉瓒宠€岄€犳垚绯ч鐨勯湁璁婃悕澶遍珮閬�(d谩)5%銆傛垜鍦嬬殑绯ч骞茬嚗瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏拰鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬�30澶氬勾鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曪紝宸插叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑姘村钩锛屽湪杈�(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｅ寲寤鸿ō(sh猫)涓櫦(f膩)鎻簡閲嶈浣滅敤銆備絾鏄�锛岃垏鎴戝湅灏嶅共鐕ヨō(sh猫)鍌欑殑闇€姹傜浉姣旓紝閭勫瓨鍦ㄨ純澶х殑宸窛銆備互姘寸ɑ鐑樺共鐐轰緥锛屾棩鏈叏鍦嬫按绋诲共鐕ユ(j墨)鐨勪繚鏈夐噺宸查仈(d谩)110钀嚭锛岀ɑ璋峰共鐕ユ(j墨)姊板寲姘村钩閬�(d谩)90%浠ヤ笂锛岃€屾垜鍦嬫(j墨)姊扮儤骞茬殑绋昏胺閭勪笉鍒發%锛岀ɑ璋峰共鐕ヨō(sh猫)鍌欎笉鍒�1钀嚭銆傞€犳垚涓婅堪宸窛鐨勫師鍥犳槸澶氭柟闈㈢殑锛屽叾涓厂椋熷共鐕ユ妧琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勭爺绌跺伐浣滆惤鍚庝篃鏄竴鍊�(g猫)閲嶈鍘熷洜銆傜洰鍓嶆垜鍦嬩粛閲囩敤80骞翠唬鍦嬪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)(濡傜厂椋熺儤骞叉(j墨)瑭﹂(y脿n)鏂规硶锛岀厂椋熺儤骞叉妧琛�(sh霉)姊濅欢)锛屽叾涓殑鏌愪簺姊濅欢鍜屾寚妯�(bi膩o)宸蹭笉閬╂噳(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶅共鐕ユ(j墨)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑闇€瑕�锛屼緥濡傜従(xi脿n)鏈夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓己涔忓共鐕ユ(j墨)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鍜屽柈浣嶇啽鑰楃殑鎶樼畻鏂规硶锛屾湁闂�(gu膩n)骞茬嚗鍝佽唱(zh矛)鐨勬寚妯�(bi膩o)涔熼倓涓嶅瀹屽杽鍚堢悊锛屾湁浜涙寚妯�(bi膩o)鏈(gu墨)瀹氱当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬脯瑭︽柟娉曪紝鏈変簺鎸囨(bi膩o)姣旇純钀藉悗锛屽洜鑰屽埗绱勪簡绯ч骞茬嚗鏂拌ō(sh猫)鍌欍€佹柊宸ヨ棟鐨勯枊鐧�(f膩)銆佹帹寤ｅ拰鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆傚湅闅涗笂绯ч骞茬嚗鎶€琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)宸茬稉(j墨ng)淇▊浜嗗娆★紝濡�501宸�20涓€l:1997;杈�(n贸ng)鐢ㄧ厂椋熺儤骞叉(j墨)鐑樺共鎬ц兘鐨勬脯瀹�锛屽15011520涓€2:2鍗發銆傚湪閫欎簺鏂扮殑骞茬嚗鎶€琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓兘鏈変富瑕佸共鐕ユ€ц兘鍙冩暩(sh霉)鐨勬姌绠楁柟娉�锛岄噰鐢ㄧ殑妯″瀷鍜屽叕寮忓閬�(d谩)鏁�(sh霉)鍗佸€�(g猫)銆旂敱浜庡畠鏄竴鍊�(g猫)姣旇純寰�(f霉)闆滃拰闆ｈВ姹虹殑鍟忛锛屽湪鎴戝湅绯ч骞茬嚗鎶€琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓皻鐒￠€欐柟闈㈢殑瑕�(gu墨)瀹�銆�
绯ч骞茬嚗鏄竴鍊�(g猫)闈炲父寰�(f霉)闆滅殑鍔犲伐閬庣▼锛屽奖闊垮洜绱犲锛屽共鐕ユ浠跺璁�锛屽叾涓殑褰遍熆鍥犵礌鏈変粙璩�(zh矛)鍙冩暩(sh霉)(濡傜啽棰�(f膿ng)婧害銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)棰�(f膿ng)閲忓拰鐔遍ⅷ(f膿ng)婵曞害)銆佺厂椋熷弮鏁�(sh霉)(濡傜厂椋熼鍒�銆佺厂椋熸按鍒�銆佺厂椋熸韩搴﹀拰绯ч娴侀噺)銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩浠�(濡傚ぇ姘ｆ韩搴﹀拰澶ф埃婵曞害)銆佸共鐕ュ伐钘�(濡傞爢娴佸共鐕�銆侀€嗘祦骞茬嚗銆佹┇娴佸共鐕�銆佹贩娴佸共鐕�)浠ュ強骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙冩暩(sh霉)銆備竴鑷虹厂椋熷共鐕ユ(j墨)鍙兘鍦ㄥ緢浣庣殑鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴︿笅(闆朵笅20鈩�)宸ヤ綔锛屼篃鍙兘鍦ㄩ珮閬�(d谩)30鈩冪殑鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩浠朵笅宸ヤ綔锛屽叾宸ヤ綔姊濅欢瀹屽叏涓嶅悓锛岀敋鑷崇浉宸敋閬�(yu菐n)浜屾墍浠ュ繀闇€灏囨脯寰楃殑鎬ц兘鎸囨(bi膩o)閫�(j矛n)琛屾姌绠�锛屾姌绠楀埌涓€鍊�(g猫)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鐨勫叕瑾�(r猫n)鐨勫共鐕ユ浠�銆傝┎闋�(xi脿ng)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勭爺绌跺埗瀹�锛岄渶瑕侀嚌灏嶄笉鍚岀挵(hu谩n)澧冩浠躲€佺厂椋熸浠�锛屽コ[I澶ф埃婧害銆佸ぇ姘ｇ浉灏嶆繒搴�銆佺厂椋熷垵濮嬫按鍒�銆佺祩浜嗘按鍒嗐€侀檷姘村箙搴�銆佺厂椋熼鍒�銆佸搧璩�(zh矛)銆佸姞鐔辨柟寮�銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)婧害銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)鐩稿皪婵曞害銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)閲�銆佸共鐕ユ柟寮忕瓑涓€绯诲垪鍙冩暩(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)琛屽ぇ閲忕殑瑭﹂(y脿n)椹�(y脿n)璀夛紝瑕佸舰鎴愭寮忕殑鍦嬪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)闆ｅ害姣旇純澶�銆傛渶鏈夊彲鑳界殑鎴愭灉鏂瑰紡鏄畬鎴愮爺绌跺牨(b脿o)鍛�锛岀郸鍑哄苟闈炲畬鍏ㄦ簴(zh菙n)纰虹殑鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)锛屼綔鐐烘寚灏�(d菐o)鎬ф妧琛�(sh霉)鏂囦欢鍏竷瑭﹁锛岀劧鍚庡啀閫�(j矛n)琛屾瘮杓冨拰瑭曞児(ji脿)銆傚洜姝�锛屽共鐕ユ(j墨)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鍜屽柈浣嶇啽鑰楃殑鎶樼畻鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鍗佸垎閲嶈鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傚柈浣嶈€楃啽閲忓拰鐑樺共鑳藉姏鏄厂椋熺儤骞茶ō(sh猫)鍌欑殑闂�(gu膩n)閸垫寚妯�(bi膩o)銆傚皪浜庝笉鍚岄鍨嬫垨鍚屼竴椤炲瀷鐨勭厂椋熺儤骞茶ō(sh猫)鍌�锛岀暥(d膩ng)鍏堕(y脿n)鏀跺伐娉佹浠跺瓨鍦ㄥ樊鐣版檪(sh铆)锛岄兘蹇呴爤閫氶亷鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)灏囧叾鎶樼畻鍒版(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)宸ユ硜姊濅欢涓嬶紝鎵嶈兘閫�(j矛n)琛屽柈浣嶈€楃啽閲忓拰鐑樺共鑳藉姏鐨勫垽瀹�銆佹瘮杓�銆傛垜鍦嬪皻鐒＄当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勭儤骞插柈浣嶈€楃啽閲忚垏鐑樺共鑳藉姏鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鑼�銆傛湰瑾查灏囧皪鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)琛岀爺绌讹紝鐮旂┒骞跺埗瀹氭姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)鐨勭当(t菕ng)涓€鍦嬪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傜厂椋熺儤骞插柈浣嶇啽鑰楀拰鐑樺共鑳藉姏鎶樼畻涓€鐩存槸鍥版摼灏嶇厂椋熷共鐕ユ(j墨)閫�(j矛n)琛屾€ц兘瑭曞児(ji脿)銆侀憭瀹氱殑閲嶈鍟忛;澶氬勾渚嗙敱浜庣爺绌跺伐浣滈噺澶у拰绉戠爺缍�(j墨ng)璨�(f猫i)缂轰箯锛屾鍟忛涓€鐩存矑鏈夎В姹�銆傞粦榫嶆睙杈�(n贸ng)澧剧瀛�(xu茅)闄㈡彁鍑轰簡涓€鍊�(g猫)瑙ｆ焙鏂规硶锛屼絾鐢变簬涓嶈兘閬╃敤浜庡绋共鐕ュ伐钘濆拰姗�(j墨)鍨嬩互鍙婃(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢鍜屾(j墨)鍨嬮伕鐨勪笉澶犲悎鐞嗚€屾湭鑳芥垚鐐哄湅瀹舵(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傜瓎鑰呭湪娣卞叆鍒嗘瀽鍜岀爺绌跺湅鍏�(n猫i)澶栫従(xi脿n)鏈夊共鐕ユ妧琛�(sh霉)鐮旂┒鎴愭灉鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓�锛岄€氶亷瑭﹂(y脿n)鍜岀悊璜栧垎鏋愶紝纰哄畾浜嗘姌绠楃殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐑樺共姊濅欢锛岀郸鍑轰簡鍚勭ó鐑樺共姗�(j墨)鍨嬪拰涓嶅悓绯ч骞茬嚗鏅�(sh铆)鐨勬姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楁柟娉曞拰浣跨敤姊濅欢銆�
鎶樼畻鏂规硶
1瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妯℃摤娉�
绯ч骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)浣跨敤涓殑涓€鍊�(g猫)甯歌鍟忛鏄厂椋熺殑鍒濇按鍒嗙稉(j墨ng)甯歌畩鍖栵紝鐐轰簡閬�(d谩)鍒拌姹傜殑绲傛按鍒�锛岄渶瑕佺稉(j墨ng)甯歌(di脿o)鏁寸厂椋熸祦閲�(鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏)锛岀偤浜嗘瘮杓冪厂椋熷共鐕ユ(j墨)鎬ц兘鐨勫ソ澹炰篃闇€瑕佺煡閬撳共鐕ユ(j墨)鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鑳藉姏锛屽洜姝�锛屽繀闋堥€�(j矛n)琛屾姌绠�銆傛垜鍊戣獚(r猫n)鐐哄埄鐢ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妯℃摤鏂规硶閫�(j矛n)琛屽共鐕ユ(j墨)鐔辫€楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鐨勬姌绠楁槸涓€绋純濂借€屼笖鍙鐨勬柟娉�锛屽嵆寤虹珛绯ч鍗冪嚗閬庣▼鐨勬暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷锛岀法瀵共鐕ユā鎿▼搴�锛屽湪瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)涓婇€�(j矛n)琛屾ā鎿▓(j矛)绠�锛屾渶鍚庡緱鍑烘姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)銆�
姝ゆ硶鐨勫劒(y艒u)J榛�(di菐n)鏄€氱敤鎬уソ锛屽彲浠}·绠椾笉鍚屾(j墨)鍨�(闋嗘祦锛岄€嗘祦锛屾┇娴佸拰娣锋祦骞茬嚗姗�(j墨))鍜屼笉1鍙哥厂椋�(鐜夌背锛屽皬楹ワ紝姘寸ɑ)鐨勫共鐕ユ€ц兘鍜屾姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉);!钀瑀灏嶄换浣曞共鐕ユ浠堕€�(j矛n)琛屾姌绠�锛岃▓(j矛)绠楅€熷害杓冨揩;鍚勭ó涓€!骞剧嚗宸ヨ棟閮藉彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄣ€�
瑭叉柟娉曠殑缂洪粸(di菐n)鏄ā鎿柟娉曢倓涓嶅鏅強锛屾帉鎻¤┎鏂规硶闇€瑕佹湁涓€瀹氱殑瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鍩虹(ch菙)锛屽共鐕ユ(j墨)浣跨敤浜哄摗涓€鑸矑鏈夐€欑ó杌熶欢锛屾澶�锛屽共鐕ラ亷绋嬬殑鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷閭勪笉澶犵簿纰�銆備互鍚庢噳(y墨ng)鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)閫欐柟闈㈢殑鐮旂┒銆佹ā鎿柟娉曠殑瑷�(j矛)绠楁椹熷涓�:
l)寤虹珛骞茬嚗閬庣▼妯″瀷;
2)闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍚勭ó绯ч骞茬嚗宸ヨ棟鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妯℃摤绋嬪簭;
3)鍒╃敤妯℃摤绋嬪簭瑷�(j矛)绠楁(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢涓嬪共鐕ユ(j墨)鐨勭啽鑰楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏;
4)妯℃摤瑷�(j矛)绠楅潪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢涓嬬殑鐔辫€楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏;
5)瑷�(j矛)绠楃啽鑰楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉);
6)灏嶅共鐕ユ(j墨)鎬ц兘閫�(j矛n)琛屾姌绠�銆�
2 ISO11520涓€2鍦嬮殯妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)娉�
150(Intemational Standard Oganization)鍦嬮殯骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鎬ц兘瑭﹂(y脿n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)绲﹀嚭浜嗕竴绋姌绠楁柟娉曪紝瀹冨埄鐢�4鍊�(g猫)鏍℃绯绘暩(sh霉)K1銆並2銆並3銆並4灏嶈│椹�(y脿n)鎵€寰楁按鍒嗚捀鐧�(f膩)鐜囬€�(j矛n)琛屾姌绠�銆傚悇鏍℃绯绘暩(sh霉)鐨勬剰缇╁涓�:
K1——姘村垎鏍℃绯绘暩(sh霉)锛孠1=(8.971涓€0.05578Td)X.+1.139InTd涓€4.652
K2——鐔遍ⅷ(f膿ng)婧害鏍℃绯绘暩(sh霉)锛孠2=(0.00565-0.000061Td)+0.000915Td+0.915
K3——绌烘埃婵曞害鏍℃绯绘暩(sh霉)锛孠3=1.0175涓€0.01072(l涓€Φ)
K4——棰�(f膿ng)閲忔牎姝ｇ郴鏁�(sh霉)锛孠4=(0.022Td涓€3.445)a/V涓€0.271InTd+2.608
3榛戦緧姹熺渷绱氭(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
榛戦緧姹熺渷杈�(n贸ng)澧剧瀛�(xu茅)闄㈣静(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)姗�(j墨)姊伴憭瀹氱附绔欎簬1989骞存彁鍑轰簡涓€绋厂椋熷共鐕ュ柈浣嶇啽鑰楀拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏
鎶樼畻鏂规硶锛屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢鐐洪檷姘村箙搴�5%(20%~宸�%)銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)婧害93鈩�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴�20鈩冦€佺挵(hu谩n)澧冪浉灏嶆繒搴︾偤60%锛屾姌绠楁柟娉曟瘮杓冪啊鍠槗琛�銆傚畠鐨勪富瑕佺己榛�(di菐n)鏄彧閬╃敤浜庢┇娴佸紡绯ч骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鍜岀帀绫冲皬楹ョ殑鐑樺共锛屾湁浜涚郴鏁�(sh霉)鐨勯伕鎿囩己涔忎緷鎿�(j霉)銆傛澶�锛屽畠閭勮€冩叜浜嗙啽棰�(f膿ng)鐖愰枔鎺ュ姞鐔卞拰娌圭垚鐩存帴鍔犵啽鍙婂喎鍗绘鐨勫奖闊�銆傚叿楂旇▓(j矛)绠楁柟娉曞涓�:
鍠綅鐔辫€楃殑鎶樼畻
妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢涓嬭胺鐗╁共鐕ユ(j墨)鐨勫柈浣嶇啽鑰楅噺鎸変笅寮忚▓(j矛)绠�:
Qrb=Qr/(K0*K1)
寮忎腑Qrb涓€妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢涓嬬殑鍠綅鐔辫€�锛孧J/kg Qr涓€瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐨勫(sh铆)娓啽鑰楋紝MJ鍏玤; K銆備竴澶ф埃姊濅欢鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)锛屽彲鏍规摎(j霉)澶ф埃婧害鍜岀浉灏嶆繒搴︽煡琛ㄦ眰鍑猴紝瑕�“绯ч骞茬嚗鍠綅鐔辫€楀強鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑳藉姏鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)”妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n);K1涓€绯ч姊濅欢鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)锛屽湪鐩稿悓鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冩浠朵笅锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)绯ч鐨勫垵姘村垎鍜岀祩姘村垎鏌ヨ〃姹傚嚭銆�
4鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)琛ㄦ硶
閫氶亷鐔卞姏瑷�(j矛)绠�锛屾妸鍚勭ó姊濅欢涓嬪弮鏁�(sh霉)璁婂寲鏅�(sh铆)鐨勬姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)鍒楁垚琛ㄦ牸锛屽啀鐢ㄦ彃鍏ユ硶鎶樼畻锛屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)绲﹀嚭鍏╃ó琛ㄦ牸锛屼竴绋槸澶ф埃姊濅欢鎶樼畻琛�锛屽彟涓€绋槸绯ч姊濅欢鎶樼畻琛紝寰炶〃涓煡鍑哄叐鍊�(g猫)绯绘暩(sh霉)鍚�锛屽叾涔樼⿳鍗崇偤绺芥姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)銆�
鏈枃鍦ㄦ繁鍏ュ垎鏋愬拰鐮旂┒鍦嬪収(n猫i)澶栫従(xi脿n)鏈夌爺绌舵垚鏋滅殑鍩虹(ch菙)涓�锛屽垎鏋愬拰鎺㈣◣浜嗘姌绠楃殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢锛岀郸鍑轰簡鍚勭ó鐑樺共姗�(j墨)鍨嬪拰涓嶅悓绯ч骞茬嚗宸ヨ棟鐨勬姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楁柟娉曞拰浣跨敤姊濅欢 [1]  銆�
姊濅欢
鐐轰簡灏嶆瘮绯ч骞茬嚗姗�(j墨)鍦ㄤ笉鍚屽共鐕ユ浠朵笅鐨勬€ц兘锛屽繀闋堢⒑瀹氫竴鍊�(g猫)鍏獚(r猫n)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢;鍦ㄩ潪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢涓嬮€�(j矛n)琛屽共鐕ヤ綔妤�(y猫)鎴栬│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)蹇呴爤灏囧共鐕ラ亷绋嬫脯寰楃殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閮芥彌绠楀埌妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢锛岀劧鍚庢墠鑳介€�(j矛n)琛屽共鐕ユ€ц兘鐨勬瘮杓�銆傛墍璎傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢锛屼竴鑸寘鎷檷姘村箙搴︺€佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩繒搴︺€佺啽棰�(f膿ng)婧害鍜屽共鐕ユ(j墨)椤炲瀷绛�銆備笉鍚屽湅瀹跺埗瀹氱殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢鏄笉鍚岀殑(瑕嬭〃1)銆傝嫳鍦嬪皬楹ュ共鐕ユ檪(sh铆)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢瀹氱偤鍒濇按鍒�20%銆佺祩姘村垎宸�%銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴�20鈩�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩繒搴︾偤80%銆傛垜鍦嬮粦榫嶆睙鐪佽(gu墨)瀹�
骞茬嚗鐜夌背鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢鐐洪檷姘村箙搴�5%(20%涓€宸�%)銆佺啽棰�(f膿ng)婧害90鈩�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴�20鈩�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冪浉灏嶆繒搴︾偤60%銆傛硶鍦嬪皪涓嶅悓瀛ｇ瘈(ji茅)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫簡涓嶅悓鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)姊濅欢銆備縿缇呮柉瑕�(gu墨)瀹氶檷姘村箙搴�6%銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冩韩搴o鈩�銆傛垜鍦嬪皻鐒＄厂椋熷共姗�(j墨)鎬ц兘鎶樼畻鐨勫湅瀹舵(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆傛湁浜涘柈浣嶆鍦ㄥ皪瀹冮€�(j矛n)琛岀爺绌讹紝涓嶄箙鍙兘鏈冪櫦(f膩)甯冨苟鍒椾汉鍦嬪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆�
鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)
涓嶅悓鐨勭厂椋熼鍒ュ鐜夌背銆佸皬楹�銆佺ɑ璋峰叾骞茬嚗鐗规€ф槸涓嶅悓鐨�锛屼緥濡傚钩琛″惈姘寸巼銆佽杽灞ゅ共鐕ユ柟绋�銆佹瘮鐔便€佹苯鍖栨經鐔�銆佸皪姘ｆ祦鐨勯樆鍔�銆侀珨绌嶅瘑搴︾瓑绛�锛屾姌绠楁檪(sh铆)蹇呴爤鑰冩叜鍚勭ó绯ч鐨勫共鐕ヨ兘鍔涙姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)銆�
褰遍熆
鍒╃敤鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯℃摤鍙互寰堝鏄撴眰鍑哄悇绋共鐕ユ(j墨)鍦ㄤ笉鍚屾浠朵笅(闋嗘祦銆侀€嗘祦銆佹┇娴併€佹贩娴�)鐨勬€ц兘锛屽洜鑰屼篃灏辨瘮杓冨鏄撹▓(j矛)绠楀嚭鎶樼畻绯绘暩(sh霉)銆傚叿楂旀柟娉曞彲鍙冮柋銆婅静(n贸ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸共鐕ュ伐钘濋亷绋嬬殑瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妯℃摤銆嬩竴鏇�
鐔遍ⅷ(f膿ng)棰�(f膿ng)閲�
鐢变簬婧害璁婂寲鑰屽紩璧烽ⅷ(f膿ng)閫熻畩鍖�锛屽洜姝ら倓蹇呴爤鍚屾檪(sh铆)鑰冩叜棰�(f膿ng)閫�(棰�(f膿ng)閲忚垏婧害)鐨勬姌绠楃郴鏁�(sh霉)銆�
寤鸿
(1)鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)鍦嬮殯骞茬嚗妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勭爺瀛�(xu茅)銆傜偤浜嗗悜鍦嬮殯骞茬嚗鎶€琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)闈犳攺锛屽繀闇€鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ従(xi脿n)浠ｄ俊鎭妧琛�(sh霉)鍜岃▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妯℃摤鏂规硶锛屽皪鍦嬮殯150骞茬嚗鎶€琛�(sh霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)宸叉湁鐨勪竴绯诲垪瑷�(j矛)绠楁ā鍨嬮€�(j矛n)琛屽共鐕ユ浠舵姌绠�銆傜敱浜庢暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷姣旇純寰�(f霉)闆滐紝鑰屼笖娌掓湁浠讳綍瑙ｉ噵鍜岃鏄�锛屾湁瑷卞鏂圭▼鐨勭郴鏁�(sh霉)閬稿彇閭勯渶閫�(j矛n)琛屾帰瑷庡拰鍒嗘瀽锛屽惁鍓囧緢闆ｆ帹寤ｆ噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆傜偤姝ら渶瑕佸皪鍦嬪鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绯ч骞茬嚗妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鏂归潰鐨勮硣鏂欓€�(j矛n)琛岀炕璀€佹暣鐞�銆佸垎鏋愬拰鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
(2)鐛插彇蹇呰鐨勮│椹�(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆傜偤浜嗛(y脿n)璀夋姌绠楁柟娉曠殑鍚堢悊鎬у拰姝ｇ⒑鎬э紝蹇呴渶灏嶆姌绠楃祼(ji茅)鏋滈€�(j矛n)琛岄(y脿n)璀�锛岄€欏氨闇€瑕佷竴瀹氱殑瑭﹂(y脿n)姊濅欢鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌欎互閫�(j矛n)琛岃│椹�(y脿n)椹�(y脿n)璀夛紝鍚屾檪(sh铆)涔熼渶瑕佹绱㈡煡灏嬪ぇ閲忔枃鐛�(xi脿n)璩囨枡銆�
(3)灏嶅洓绋姌绠楁柟娉曢€�(j矛n)琛屽皪姣斿垎鏋�銆傚湪涓嶅悓鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冨拰绯ч姊濅欢涓嬪皪涓婅堪鍥涚ó涓嶅悓鐨勬姌绠楁柟娉曢€�(j矛n)琛屾瘮杓冨拰椹�(y脿n)璀�锛屾壘鍑烘姌绠椾腑鐨勫晱椤�锛屾彁鍑烘姌绠楁(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍒濈ǹ銆�